Blog

Extremism in Sri Lanka has manifested in various forms, affecting the country socially, politically, and religiously. Here are some key aspects:

1. **Religious Extremism**: Sri Lanka has experienced tensions between different religious communities, particularly between the Buddhist majority and Muslim minority. The rise of radical Buddhist groups, such as Bodu Bala Sena (BBS), has led to incidents of anti-Muslim violence, including riots and attacks on mosques and businesses.

2. **Ethnic Tensions**: The civil war that lasted from 1983 to 2009 primarily involved the Sinhalese majority and the Tamil minority, leading to deep-seated ethnic divisions. While the war officially ended, tensions and grievances remain, contributing to a sense of marginalisation among Tamils and fostering extremist sentiments.

3. **Islamic Extremism**: The 2019 Easter Sunday bombings, carried out by a local jihadist group linked to international terrorist organisations, highlighted the threat of Islamic extremism in Sri Lanka. These attacks targeted churches and hotels, resulting in significant loss of life and injuries, and they heightened fears of radicalisation within the Muslim community.

4. **Government Response**: In response to extremist violence, the Sri Lankan government has implemented security measures, including bans on certain organisations and increased military presence in affected areas. However, these actions have sometimes led to broader crackdowns on minority communities, exacerbating tensions.

5. **Social Media and Misinformation**: The spread of misinformation and hate speech on social media platforms has fuelled extremism and communal violence. The government has attempted to regulate online content to mitigate these risks, but challenges remain in managing the balance between free speech and preventing violence.

6. **Radicalisation Factors**: Economic disparities, lack of opportunities, and social disenfranchisement contribute to the radicalisation of individuals, particularly among youth. Addressing these underlying issues is crucial for preventing the rise of extremism.

7. **Community Relations**: Efforts to promote interfaith dialogue and reconciliation between communities are essential for addressing extremism. Various organisations and civil society groups are working to foster understanding and cooperation among different religious and ethnic groups.

8. **International Influence**: Regional dynamics and the influence of international extremist groups can impact local radicalisation. Sri Lanka’s strategic location in the Indian Ocean makes it susceptible to external influences that may exacerbate internal tensions.

Addressing extremism in Sri Lanka requires a comprehensive approach that focuses on social cohesion, economic development, education, and the promotion of tolerance among different communities.